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The electromagnetic protection process is an evaluation of risk assessment against criteria (EMP, EMI/EMC, TEMPEST, EM-health). The entire process covers mainly: risk evaluation, design, construction, maintenance and testing. Starting from the risk evaluation, the different aspects of electromagnetic protection can be combined. This is because they use the same physics laws and, in most cases, the same protection devices (such as shields and filters). Combining these different aspects are not only a major cost reduction but also are necessary to avoid conflicts between the different levels of protection. (Ex. double filtering: EMP, TEMPEST) To provide an effective electromagnetic protection, one of the main problems is to solve the filtering conflict caused by the increased communication speeds and the bandwidth limitations of the protection. It is physically not possible to separate the conducted electromagnetical risks from the spatial ones. The entire process should not be limited to design and construction. In the basic design the necessity for maintenance due to use and aging, modifications due to changing criteria and the testing program should be considered in addition to the initial required protection. The entire process must include supporting systems (HVAC) that can be a risk factor and can be a survivability factor of the system (EMP/LIGHTNING) Any EM-protection process is therefore based on a good configuration control of the entire system and its environment. Expert has an extended (over 20 years) expertise in the entire process (risk assessment, design, maintenance and testing) of electromagnetic protection.

EMP was since 1960's considered as a risk related to nuclear weapons and was considered to be a great risk during the cold war. Since then, the risk has changed. On one side, the increased use of high-speed communications and wireless communications has created a major increase of vulnerability to even small EMP pulses. On the other hand, EM-Pulses can now be generated by (trans) portable weapons/systems, and do not require any nuclear device. In addition, the increased vulnerability to natural EMP (such as lightning and power surges) and the possibility of terrorist use of EMP become a concern. Expert performed design evaluation and testing / analyses on a large scale to be able to assess the EMP survivability of entire networks of communication systems.

NEMP or exo-atmospheric EMP is generated when a nuclear device is detonated outside the atmosphere. A ground nuclear burst will also cause an EMP but with only a local impact while the exo-EMP can affect a region the size of Europe (20MT) and has no other effects such as heat wave, shock wave and nuclear fallout and radiation
It is considered to be an effective way to shut down operational and military communications and electronic systems without losing the re-use of the terrain and facilities. There were also no direct effects on biological life.
By the end of the cold war, the risk of this type of EMP is considered by some defense organizations as being reduced.
The risk still exists and many defense organizations now apply NEMP protection only for mission essential equipment and systems (such as nuclear command and control)
The existing EMP facilities and systems that are still operational do however also provide the required protection for TEMPEST, EMI/EMC, and zoning. Reduction of the EMP-protection will affect the other protections.
The risks for NEMP might have, for now, reduced, the risk for EMP (non-nuclear) might have increased.
Expert was the system manager for the EMP program in NATO.

Radio frequency shielding or RF-shielding has changed throughout the years. The frequency span used today is rather different from when this technology was created.
The physical aspects however remain the same and the basic technology used has not changed either.
The main concept is to create a FARADAY-cage. Such cage is, in principle, a box of a uniform material that provides protection against radio-frequency electromagnetic waves. This obtained through 2 aspects: ABSORBPTION and REFLECTION.
The absorption is mainly for the magnetic part of the electromagnetic wave while the reflection acts mainly on the electrical part of the wave.
These 2 different aspects of shielding must be considered when designing the RF shielding. The design must be based on the frequency range where the shielding must be most effective. This is obtained by the selection of the most efficient shielding material (Such as steel, non Ferro, aluminum, copper etc.).
A faraday cage with no entrance for signal, air, personnel, power etc has no much use. Providing this access for the different “users and providers” into the shield is the most difficult part of the shield design.
Expert performed over 20 years of R&D, testing/analyses and management of RF shielded concepts used for:
Individual systems (COMSEC/INFOSEC)
Test/calibration rooms
EMP facilities
COMSEC/ZONING facilities

A TEMPEST system is a system that is protected against electromagnetic espionage. Every electric / electronic system has an electromagnetic signature. This signature contains information about the actions taken by this equipment. This problem was initially clearly detected with the introduction of the telegraphic equipment (teletype). The possibility to listen “into” electronic systems increased with the growth of electronics and the introduction of CRT-screens and computers.
With the modern electronics, it became on one hand more difficult to detect the signals because signal levels (current and voltage) were lower and a more frequent and grouped amount of systems. On the other hand however, the information per time unit increases drastically. (From 200 baud/s for teletype in 1970 to 2 Mb/s fro ISDN today)
This change in risk also has an effect on the frequency range to evaluate for TEMPEST and the complexity of the signal.
Testing systems against TEMPESR CRITERIA became very complex. This is due to the increased possibilities of the systems to be tested.
A full understanding of the electronics and the software of today’s systems are required to generate a complete test-plan to test against TEMPEST criteria.
With the introduction of the EMC/EMI compliance testing of most equipment, there is already a basic to perform a first assessment.
TEMPEST is not only equipment design related but is also installation dependent.
With the current ZONING policies for military installations, a risk reduction can be obtained for installation related risks, provided a complete zoning evaluation.
In the context of zoning, the use of shielded facilities or equipment can still be considered as the most efficient TEMPEST protection.
Expert worked for 5 years as TEMPEST analyst in laboratory and in the field.
He also combined the different aspects of tempest protection with EMP, EMI/EMC protection.

He was the concept designer of the optical active EM-filters for communications.
This concept was designed in laboratory conditions and the technology then introduced for commercial production. These filters are used world wide and are still in production.As independent consultant, regenerated and restructured the data-base of a technical/medical company.
The original system became inaccessible due to a contractual failure by the original designer.
(Worked on unix)
The entire data-base and data was recovered, updated and the system was upgraded (including conversion to EURO)As independent consultant, he designed the light, communications, computer network and security system for a lawyer office.
All technology was incorporated in a user friendly and economic system with the respect for the ancient (antique) interior of the building.As consultant, he designed the QA procedures and generated/wrote the software for the QA testing of electronic multi protocol (comms) interfaces.
This included also the data evaluation criteria and mathematics and also the reporting procedure.As consultant performed an evaluation study on EMP and diesel cars